In this First Aid FAQ video, trainer Nigel Davis explains what to do if you think someone is choking.
It’s a situation that can escalate quickly, but knowing what to do can help you stay calm and take the right action.
Step 1: Check if they’re choking
If someone looks distressed, can’t speak, or is clutching their throat, they may be choking. First, check whether they are still able to cough. If they are, encourage them to continue. Coughing is often the most effective way to clear a blockage.
Step 2: Back blows
If they can’t cough effectively, stand behind them and support their chest with one hand. Use the heel of your other hand to deliver up to 5 sharp back blows between the shoulder blades. Check after each blow to see if the blockage has cleared.
Step 3: Abdominal thrusts
If back blows don’t work, perform up to 5 abdominal thrusts. Stand behind the person, place your arms around their waist, make a fist just above the belly button, and pull sharply inwards and upwards.
Repeat if necessary
Alternate between back blows and abdominal thrusts until the object is dislodged, or the person becomes unresponsive.
When to call 999
Call an ambulance if:
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The object does not come out
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The person loses consciousness
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You’ve had to give abdominal thrusts (they should always be medically assessed)
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The person still struggles to swallow after the incident
Watch the full video to see how Nigel demonstrates each step clearly and calmly.
This video is part of our First Aid FAQ series – designed to refresh your knowledge and help you feel more confident in real-life emergencies.
If you’d like tailored advice or aren’t sure which course is right for you, get in touch or browse our first aid training options today.
